It has been noted that the focus of macroeconomics has shifted dramatically after the results of the 2007 credit crunch have made themselves felt through recessions and stagnation: from ‘stabilization-around-a- positive-trend’ to resuming growth –or, at least, avoiding too hard and long a secular stagnation.

My starting point is that the 2007-2008 banking-cum-financial crisis shocked us into realizing that a huge difference had been building between ‘what it was’ and ‘what it will be’. More specifically, I argue that the pre-2007 high per capita income world of high rates of GDP growth, productivity increases, population expansion, government countercyclical policies, and shrinking income inequality, is, more likely than not, gone. Unfortunately, all those characteristics of the pre-2007 period were exactly the causes for growth. It follows that the post-2007 world has to be necessarily a world characterized by slower growth, increasing inequality, ageing population, slowing investment expenditure vis-à-vis increasing saving, and government consciously chosen impotence.

How long will it last? How costly will it be in terms of lost output and permanent fall in potential output?

Continue reading “Secular Stagnation, Negative Interest Rates, Irrelevance of The European Central Bank, Self-Inflicted Irrelevance of Governments….Helicopter Money for Europe?” →